Glossary


 

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S

Schwann cells

cells that make up the myelin sheath in a nerve cell


Sclera

the tough outer layer of the eye


Sebaceous glands

glands that secrete sebum (oily substance)


Seizure

physical display of violent cerebral disorder resulting from abnormal brain signalling


Semelparous

having one single reproductive episode in a lifetime


Sensory nerves

conduct nerve impulses from a structure or sensory organ towards the central nervous system


Septum

a partition that separates two chambers, as in the heart and nasal cavity


Simple epithelium

epithelium that consists of one layer of cells on a basement membrane


Sinoatrial node (SA node)

a small area of cells in the wall of the right atrium of the heart, where the electrical impulse is generated; also known as the natural pacemaker 


Sinus

an air-filled cavity in the skull; any blind-ending tract in a tissue


Slaughter

killing of livestock, usually for meat or due to disease


Small intestine

long narrow tube that leaves the stomach, where nutrients are absorbed through villi into the bloodstream 


Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

an organelle that manufactures and transports lipids and steroids within the cell


Smooth muscle

muscle tissue that is not under voluntary control


Somatic nervous system

part of the peripheral nervous system under voluntary control


Somatostatin

hormone secreted by the pancreas to aid glucoregulation


Spermatogenesis

the process in which sperm cells are formed


Spermatozoa

sperm or male sex cells


Sphincter

a ring of muscle


Splanchnic skeleton

the part of the skeleton that contains bones within soft tissue, not connected to the main skeleton, such as the os penis in the dog


Spleen

a lymphoid organ responsible for making lymphocytes, storing blood and removing exhausted blood cells


Spongy bone

type of bone found in the epiphyses of the long bones


Squamous cells

epithelial cells that are flattened in shape


Stomach

an organ within the digestive system where the breakdown of food begins


Stratified epithelium

layers of epithelial cells


Subcutaneous

under the skin


Sudiferous glands

sweat glands


Sutures (skull)

fibrous connective tissue joints that unite the bones of the skull 


Sympathetic nervous system

part of the autonomic nervous system triggered during stressful or stimulating events


Symphysis

a cartilaginous joint that unites two sides of the body


Synapse

a nerve junction


Synovial joint

a joint with a capsule filled with synovial fluid


Systematic circulation

the main circulation of blood between the heart and the body tissues but not the lungs


Systole

stage of the cardiac cycle where the heart contracts



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